Bo-rasaense ba Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Temo ea Temo ea Temo le Litapole (Chelyabinsk) - karohano ea meralo ea UrFANITS UB RAS - ba ngolisitse e ncha litapole tse fapa-fapaneng Kashtak. Ho ea ka tokomane eo, mofuta o mocha o khothaletsoa ho lengoa tikolohong ea Ural (Bashkortostan, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, libaka tsa Kurgan).
Mofuta o mocha o khetholloa ka ho hanyetsa komello, chai e tsitsitseng le e phahameng (ho fihlela ho lithane tse 50 ka hektare), ho hanyetsa mafu le tlhahiso e ntle ea methapo e nang le letlalo le khubelu le makhasi a mosehla. Ka lebaka la litaba tse ommeng tse phahameng, haholo-holo starch 17,6-19,0%, litapole li na le tatso e ntle 'me li khothalletsoa ho sebelisoa tafoleng.
Kashtak e khetholloa ka sehlahla se mahareng, se hasang ka halofo se nang le metso e ntlafalitsoeng hantle le lipalesa tse telele. Ho butsoa ha mahareng (matsatsi a 90). Palo ea li-tubers ka sehlaheng ke likotoana tse 10-12. Mofuta ona o hanela crayfish ea litapole, litapole tsa khauta nematode, blight ea morao, scab e tloaelehileng.
“Mofuta oa Kashtak o fumanoe ka ho tšela mefuta e laoloang ea Raya (mofuta oa bo-mme) le Cosmos (mofuta oa bo-ntate). Tšimoloho ea mosebetsi - ho nyalisoa - e ne e le ka 2002. Kaha ke lebasetere le tšepisang ka ho fetesisa, e fetisitse khetho ea tlholisano ka 2008-2010. Mme liteko tsa tikoloho li ile tsa tsoela pele libakeng tsa Chelyabinsk le Orenburg le netefatso ea mefuta e fapaneng bakeng sa ho kenyelletsoa lenaneng la mmuso. Kajeno ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e tšepisang ka ho fetesisa sebakeng sa Ural. Ha e bapisoa le mofuta o mong o seng o ntse o tsebahala Spiridon (khetho YUNIISK, e kenyellelitsoeng ho ngoliso ea katleho ea katleho ea Russian Federation ka 2001), Kashtak e na le tlhahiso e ntle ka ho fetisisa - chai ea lithane tse 35 le tse 46 ka hektare, ka ho latellana. Ho la Orenburg, mofuta o mocha o hlahisitse lithane tse fetang 50 ka hektare, ”ho boletse Tamara Tikhonovna Dergileva, mofuputsi e moholo oa Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Temo ea Temo le Litapole sa South Ural, mongoli-'moho oa mofuta ona.
Bahlahisi ba Chelyabinsk ba qetile lilemo tse ka bang 20 ba nts'etsapele mofuta o mocha oa litapole Kashtak. Kajeno, boramahlale ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho etsa lipatlisiso 'me ba nka karolo ho hlahiseng lisebelisoa tsa peo, tse ka rekiloeng ka lilemo tse peli.
Bakeng sa ho buuoa. South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing (karohano ea likarolo tsa UrFANITs UB RAS) e thehiloe molemong oa I.V. Michurin lilemong tse 90 tse fetileng. Libaka tse kholo tsa ts'ebetso: lipatlisiso tsa mantlha le tse sebelisitsoeng lefapheng la ho ikatisa, tlhahiso ea peo, mahlale a ho lema litholoana le monokotšoai le litapole. Ho theosa le lilemo, bo-rasaense ba setheo ba thehile mefuta e mengata haholo ea litholoana, lijalo tsa monokotšoai le litapole, e leng motheo oa mefuta e fapaneng ea libaka tsa temo e kotsi - mefuta e fetang 300 ea lijalo tsa serapeng le litapole tse 34. Ntle le moo, mahlale a ntlafatso ea ho lema liindasteri le batho ba kenang lithutong le ho lema litapole a ntlafalitsoe.