Re tsoela pele moqoqo ka bothata ba hona joale ka nako - litapole rhizoctoniosis.
Mohloli oa tšoaetso ke limela tsa litapole tse kulang le lehola le leng. Lintlha tse ka sehloohong tsa phetiso ea pathogen selemo le selemo ke mobu le li-tubers tsa litapole tse kulang (makhetlo a phetisetso ea pathogen ka li-tubers e tsoa ho 29 ho isa ho 70%). Ho fetisoa ha pathogen nakong ea selemo ho etsahala ka mobu, hammoho le ka basidiospores ka mongobo o phahameng oa moea (86-96% kapa ho feta) ka marotholi a tsamaisoang ke moea, empa mochine ona ke oa bohlokoa bo eketsehileng.
Kahoo, ho potoloha ha pathogen ka tlhaho ho etsahala ka lebaka la motsoako oa mobu le phetisetso ea tuber selemo le selemo, ka lerotholi le eketsehileng la moea nakong ea nako. Ho ipapisitse le sena, ho sireletsa lijalo tsa litapole ho rhizoctoniosis, hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa mekhoa le mekhoa ea ho fokotsa setoko sa pele sa ts'oaetso ea pathogen mobung le ho li-tubers.
Ntho ea bohlokoa haholo ho thibela ho senyeha ha limela ke mafu ke ts'ebeliso e nepahetseng le motsoako oa mekhoa ea agrotechnical le ea lik'hemik'hale.
E le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea lefu lena ho limela tsa litapole, hammoho le ts'oaetso ea li-tubers, ho hlokahala hore u shebe phetoho ea lijalo le ho khutlisetsa litapole sebakeng sa tsona sa pele pele ho lilemo tse 3-4. Ho lema litapole ka phetoho ea lijalo ka mor'a moiteli o motala, soya, lijo-thollo, joang bo sa feleng ho fokotsa nts'etsopele ea rhizoctoniosis ho limela, stems le tubers ka makhetlo a 2,0-2,7.
Haeba ho sa khonehe ho fetola lijalo, hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa lijalo tse nang le thepa ea phytosanitary khahlano le sesosa sa rhizoctoniosis joalo ka li-precursors. Ho ntlafatsa boemo ba phytopathological ho litapole, joalo ka lijalo tsa phytosanitary (pele ho tsona), ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa lijo-thollo, joang bo sa feleng ba lijo-thollo, metsoako ea lijo-thollo, lihoete, lupins, soya, lijalo tsa k'habeche le folaxe, tse thibelang kholo ea R. Solani Kühn. mobung.
Motheo oa tšebeliso ea bona ke hore ts'oaetso e tšoaetsanoang ea likokoana-hloko e tsoela pele ka nako e telele mobung feela boemong ba ho qobelloa ho robala. Metso ea lihlahisoa tsa lijalo tsa temo e hanyetsanang le sesosa sa litapole rhizoctoniosis e qholotsa ho mela ha likokoana-hloko tsa propagules mobung. Tabeng ena, li-spores tsa phytoparasite le hyphae ea tsona ea likokoana-hloko, ha li kopane le semela se nang le ts'oaetso, li shoa hanyane. Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore likokoana-hloko tsa mobu, e le molao, li na le matla a fokolang a tlhōlisano ha li bapisoa le likokoana-hloko tsa saprotrophic tse lulang mobung, mokhoa ona o lebisa ho fokotseha ha palo ea baahi ba pathogen.
Ntle le moo, masala a bolileng ka mor'a kotulo ea lijalo tsa phytosanitary a kenya letsoho ho eketseha ha palo ea li-saprophyte tse hanyetsang mobung, e leng se etsang hore ho be le lysis ea meaho e tšoaetsanoang ea likokoana-hloko, hape e nke sebaka sa likokoana-hloko sebakeng sa tikoloho.
Ho boetse hoa tsebahala hore koro, harese, oats, rapeseed le mosetareta ke bahlahisi ba lintho tsa antifungal. Kahoo, limela tsa lelapa la lijo-thollo li na le purothionine, metsoako ea mofuta oa phenol, benzoxazolinone, hordecin, furfrurol, gramine alkaloid, mebala e mosehla ka lero la lisele tsa bona, 'me limela tsa k'habeche li na le allyl mosetareta, mosetareta oa phenylethyl le oli ea crotonyl mosetareta, rafanin, heirolin. e thibelang kholo ea microflora ea pathogenic.
Siberia, nakong e le 'ngoe ea ho hōla, li-pre-preceeds tse kang rapeseed le sarepta mosetareta haholo-holo li fokotsa bongata ba R. solani mobung. Ka Mots'eanong selemong se tlang, ka lebaka la ho lokolloa ha lintho tse thibelang nts'etsopele ea fungus ho tloha masala a bolileng a lijalo, palo ea li-propagules tsa causative agent ea rhizoctoniosis e fokotsehile ka makhetlo a 2,0. Li-oats ha li na phello e kholo ho hloekisa mobu, empa e lumella ho tsitsisa palo ea kokoana-hloko. Koro le harese ha li rate feela ho bokelloa ha kokoana-hloko nakong ea ho hōla, empa hape li kenya letsoho ho tsitseng ha eona mobung ho fihlela nakong ea selemo e latelang. Kahoo, ho ea ka pono ea phytosanitary, li-precursors tse ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa litapole ke rapeseed ea selemo le mosetareta. Ha u beha lijalo ho oats, harese ea selemo le koro, hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko lintlha tse mabapi le ho bokelloa ha causative agent ea rhizoctoniosis mobung.
Lethathamo la mehloli e sebelisitsoeng:
- Zeiruk V.N. Katleho ea phetoho e khethehileng ea lijalo le mokhoa oa biologized oa tšireletso ea litapole khahlano le mafu le likokoanyana / V.N. Zeiruk, V.M. Glez, S.V. Vasilyeva, M.K. Derevyagin, V.I. Sedova, N.A. Gaitova, L.V. Dmitrieva // Litapole tse ntseng li hola libakeng tsa Russia: Mathata a nnete a mahlale le boits'oaro. - M., 2006. - S. 38-47.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Mekhoa ea agrotechnical ea ho loants'a litapole rhizoctoniosis / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Alexandrov, V.I. Kalach// Boetsuwa le boetsuwa ba ho thibela dimela. - 2001. - No. 11. - S. 18-19.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Likarolo tsa ponahatso ea rhizoctoniosis ea litapole Belarus / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Aleksandrov // Mycology le Phytopathology. - 2000. - T. 34, no. 5. - S. 51-59.
- Loshakov V.G. Phapanyetsano ea lijalo ke sehokelo sa mantlha mekhoeng ea sejoale-joale ea temo / Loshakov V.G. // Bulletin ea Serussia Academy of Agricultural Sciences. - 2006. - No. 5. - S. 23-26.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Tlhokomelo ea rhizoctoniosis ho agroecosystems ea litapole Western Siberia / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, N.M. Konyaev. - Novosibirsk, 2006. - 196 leq.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Ntlafatso ea boemo ba phytosanitary ea masimo a litapole a sebelisa peo ea selemo e le sejalo sa moiteli o motala / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, M.P. Shatunova // Tshireletso ya semela Siberia: Sat. saense tr. matichere le baithuti ba fumaneng mangolo Lefapheng la Tšireletso ea Limela. - Novosibirsk, 2003. - S. 77-83
- Carling DE Phello ea mocheso oa virulence ea Rhizoctonia solani le Rhizoctonia tse ling ho litapole / DE Carling, RH Leiner // Phytopathology. - 1990. - V. 80, No. 10. - P. 930-934.