Glyphosate e ntse e tsoela pele ho ba sehlahisoa se ka sehloohong sa China kantle ho naha, leha thekiso ea herbicide e theohile ka kakaretso.
Kakaretso ea tlaleho ea ICAMA (Setsi sa Taolo ea Agrochemicals, Lekala la Temo) "Tlhatlhobo ea Lintlha tsa morao-rao mabapi le kantle ho naha Pesticide Import and Export in China and Trends for the future" e hlahisitsoeng ho China Pesticide Export Workshop (CPEW 2019) e hlophisitsoeng ke AGROPAGES.
1. Ho kenya le ho rekisa kantle ho naha meriana e bolaeang likokonyana ho tobana le liphephetso, ha thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha ea litsebi tse bolaeang likokoanyana e eketsehile ka lebelo le fetang la tlhahiso
Ho kenya le ho rekisa kantle ho naha Chaena meriana e bolaeang likokonyana karolong ea pele ea 2019 ho bile le mathata a maholo. Le ha boleng ba kakaretso ea kantle ho naha le kantle ho naha bo nyolohetse holimo ka holimo ho lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 4 tsa Amerika, thepa e kenang ea likokoanyana le thomello kantle ho naha e hola ka 473% feela, e tlase haholo ho feta 2,4% ka 8,3. Kakaretso ena, thomello kantle ho naha e fihlile ho US $ 2018 billion, e leng keketseho ea 4,178% haholo ka tlase ho kholo ea linomoro tse peli lilemong tse fetileng.
Karo-karolelano ea kantle ho naha ea lihlahisoa tsa mahlale le meralo ea chefo e bolaeang likokonyana e bontša liphetoho tse latelang ho latela tafole e kaholimo.
Ho tloha ka 2011 ho isa ho 2017, thomello ea lihlahisoa tsa mahlale bakeng sa chefo e bolaeang likokonyana e theohile ho tloha ho 63,2% ho isa ho 56,3%, mme meralo e eketsehile ho tloha ho 36,8% ho isa ho 43,7%. Ho tloha ka 2018, diyantle tsa dihlahiswa tsa setegeniki sa dihlahiswa tse bolayang dikokwanyana di qadile ho hola, tse fetang 60%, ha diyantle tsa meralo di fokotsehile.
Mabapi le ho paka, boleng ba kantle ho naha ba lisebelisoa tsa mahlale le lihlahisoa tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ka har'a lipakete tsa indasteri halofo ea pele ea 2019 e ne e le $ 3,169 billion, e nyolohile ka 2,1%, ha boleng ba kantle ho naha ba thepa e pakiloeng ka mabenkele e ne e le $ 1,009 billion, keketseho ea 4%. ...
Leha thekiso ea lihlahisoa tse pakiloeng ka mabenkele e bile feela 25% ea kakaretso, thekiso ea lihlahisoa tse pakiloeng ka mabenkele li hola ka potlako ho feta tse pakiloeng liindastering.
Ka sehlopha sa chefo e bolaeang likokonyana... Thekiso ea likokoanyana e bolaeang likokoanyana e eketsehile ka litšenyehelo le ka bongata halofo ea pele ea 2019, ka 14,5% le 20,8%, ka ho latellana.
Li-fungicides li fihlile la bobeli ka 6,4%, ha thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ea taolo ea kholo ea limela e oele ka 27,6%.
Dithekiso tsa dibolayalehola tse fapaneng, tse ikarabellang ho feta halofo ya boleng bo felletseng ba thomellontle, di theohile ho tloha ho $ 2,265 bilione selemong se fetileng ho ya ho $ 2,163 billion selemong sena, athe thomello kantle ho naha e theohile ho tloha ho lithane tse 520 ho isa ho lithane tse 300, e theohile ka 508% le 800 , 4,5% ka ho latellana.
2. Lihlahisoa tse romelloang kantle ho Latin America li bontšitse kholo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa: bifenthrin, cletodim le chlorothalonil li phethile karolo e kholo
Lihlahisoa tse romelloang kantle ho Latin America, 'maraka oa bobeli o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea China, li holile haholo,' me thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha e fihla ho $ 1,223 billion, e nyolohile ka 30,6% ho tloha nakong e tšoanang selemong se fetileng.
Afrika e kentse palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lihlahisoa.
Brazil, e le 'maraka oa bobeli o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa kantle ho naha oa meriana e bolaeang likokonyana e tsoang Chaena, e ile ea reka lihlahisoa tsa agrochemical ka mafolofolo.
Kahoo, theko ea meriana e bolaeang likokonyana e romelloang kantle ho naha ea Brazil e nyolohile ho tloha ho lidolara tse limilione tse 397 ka nako e tšoanang selemong se fetileng ho ea ho limilione tse 573 tsa lidolara - ke hore, ho bile le keketseho ea 44,2%.
Ho romella ntle ho Argentina ho ile ha tla ka lekhetlo la bobeli, ha thepa e romeloang ho ea USA (mmaraka oa bohlokoa oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea China) e oele ka 9,2%.
Diyantle tse yang India di eketsehile ka 11,8%, ha diyantle tse yang dinaheng tse ding tsa Asia jwalo ka Thailand, Vietnam le Indonesia di fokotsehile.
Asia hape ke mmaraka o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana. Litheko tse romelloang kantle ho naha tse bolaeang likokoanyana halofong ea pele ea 2019 li hakanyetsoa ho $ 1,259 billion, e theohile ka 2,8% ho tloha ho $ 1,295 billion ka nako e ts'oanang ho 2018, empa e ntse e ikarabella ho 30% ea kakaretso ea kantle ho naha.
Ka metsoako e sebetsang... Ho latela meriana e bolaeang likokonyana e 10 e holimo, glyphosate e ntse e tsoela pele ho ba sehlahisoa se holimo sa China kantle ho naha, e lateloa ke paraquat, leha thekiso e theohile haholo, athe thekiso ea bifenthrin e ile ea tlolela 276,7% halofong ea pele ea 2019 ho tloha ka mokhoa o ts'oanang. nako selemong se fetileng. Khōlo e batlang e le holimo ea thekiso e tlalehiloe bakeng sa Cletodim, Emamectin le Chlorothalonil.
3. Ka lebaka la ntoa ea khoebo lipakeng tsa Chaena le United States, ho se ts'oanehe ha likhakanyo tsa thomello ea kantle ho naha ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ho eketsehile
Thekiso ea lefats'e ea meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana e eketsehile lipakeng tsa 1978 le 2018. Keketseho e ngoe e lebelletsoe ho 2019 hape, e susumetsoa ke tlhoko ea lefats'e ea tlhahiso ea lijo.
Mabapi le thomello ea kantle ho naha ea Chaena ea likokoanyana, United States e ntse e le 'maraka o moholohali oa kantle ho naha oa China. Leha ho le joalo, boleng ba kantle ho naha ba China ba meriana e bolaeang likokonyana bo eang United States halofo ea pele ea 2019 e theohile ka 9,2%.
Chate e latelang e bonts'a keketseho e kholo kantle ho naha kantle ho naha ea China e bolaeang likokonyana e bolaeang likokonyana. Lihlahisoa tse qhekellang li ka etsa hore thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha ea Amerika e fokotsehe selemong sena.
Khohlano ea khoebo ea Sino-US halofong ea pele ea selemo sena e amme le kantle ho naha meriana e bolaeang likokonyana ea China.
Indasteri ea China ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa mohahong oa phepelo ea lefats'e, mme tlhoko e ntse e le teng United States. Leha ho le joalo, qabang ea litefiso lipakeng tsa linaha tsena tse peli ha e so rarolloe, e lebisang ho lipelaelo tse amang indasteri ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea China, joalo ka melaoana e thata ea tikoloho le polokeho ea China.
ICAMA, e ts'ehetsoeng ke Lefapha la Temo la China le Litaba tsa Mahaeng, ha joale e ntse e sebetsa ho kenya tšebetsong maano a nepahetseng ho ts'ehetsa likhoebo tsa ho kenya le ho rekisa kantle ho naha tse bolaeang likokoanyana, joalo ka ho fokotsa linako tsa ho ingolisa le litjeo tsa lekhetho. Ntle le moo, ho nkuoa mehato ea ts'ehetso ho khothaletsa ho romelloa ha thepa ka ntle ho lipakete tse nyane.
E bale ka botlalo: https://www.agroxxi.ru/