Oleg Radin, Mopresidente oa Mokhatlo oa Roskrakhmalpatoka oa Baetsi ba Russia ba Starch le Treacle Products.
Karolo ea starch ea litapole hajoale e na le karolo e nyane mohahong oa indasteri ea tlhahiso ea starch.
Bophahamo ba mmaraka oa Russia bakeng sa starch ea litapole bo hakanyetsoa ho lithane tse likete tse 28 mme 70% e fanoa ke thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha.
Ka 2018, Russia e hlahisitse lithane tse 10 tsa setache sa litapole, e leng lithane tse 727 ka tlase ho selemo pejana, le lithane tse 96 ho feta ka 1351. Khahlanong le semelo sa liphetoho tse ammeng mohlala, mofuta oa tlhahiso ea starch ea koro, liphetoho tsena li ka bitsoa tse sa reng letho. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li amana le taba ea hore bongata ba starch ea litapole tsa Russia bo hlahisoa ke likhoebo tse nyane - bo-rakhoebo ka bomong (sena ke 'nete haholo bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa li-confectionery le likarolo tsa bohobe), tse hlahang le ho nyamela kapelenyana.
Ho tsitsa ha mmaraka ho netefatsoa hape ke lipalo-palo tse ling. Ka ho khetheha, ho 2018, li-tonne tsa litapole tse 18,0 li ile tsa romeloa ho Russian Federation (barekisi ba mantlha: Belarus, Denmark, France, Jeremane le Poland), hoo e batlang e le boemong bo le bong, thepa e ile ea etsoa lilemong tse fetileng (lithane tse likete tse 18,1). lithane ka 2017 le lithane tse likete tse 16,4 ka 2016). Meqolo ea kantle ho naha lilemong tsa morao tjena le eona ha e so fetohe haholo: ka 2018 - lithane tse likete tse 1,3, ka 2017 le 2016 - 1,5 le lithane tse likete tse 1,1 ka tatellano.
Ka tloaelo, starch ea matsoalloa ea litapole naheng ea Russia e lula e na le 'maraka oa lihlahisoa tse tala. Ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tsa mofuta ofe e sebelisoa haholo? Litlhokahalo tsa eona ke life ho bareki? Bokamoso ba sehlahisoa see ke eng? Ho fumana likarabo tse nepahetseng lipotsong tsena tsohle, Mokhatlo oa Roskrakhmalpatoka o entse phuputso eo ho eona lik'hamphani tse 34 li nkile karolo - likhoebo tsa nama, li-confectionery, li-concentrate tsa lijo, liindasteri tsa bohobe - bareki ba bangata ba setache sa litapole. Har'a ba arabelitsoeng, motho a ka hlokomela, ho etsa mohlala, OOO Russkart, moetsi oa lihlahisoa tse bobebe (molumo oa ts'ebeliso ea starch ea matsoalloa ea litapole ke lithane tse 240-250 / khoeli); OJSC Tsaritsyno, k'hamphani ea tlhahiso ea lisoseje le lihlahisoa tsa nama (bophahamo ba tšebeliso ea setache sa litapole ke litone tse 100 / khoeli); Semela se pakang nama "Dubki" (molumo oa ts'ebeliso ea starch ea matsoalloa ea litapole - lithane tse 60 / khoeli).
Phuputso e bontšitse hore boemo bo tsitsitseng ba starch ea litapole bo fanoa haholo ke indasteri ea ho etsa nama. Ke mofuta ona oa setache se sebelisoang ke bahlahisi ho hlophisa lisoseje le lihame tse phehiloeng, lihlahisoa tse ling tsa nama (starch e sebelisoa e le mofuta o sa bitseng chelete e ngata oa botsitso 'me e kenyellelitsoe ho risepe ea mabitso a lihlahisoa tsa 65-70%) le lisoso (tse kenyellelitsoeng ho risepe ea 10-15% ea mabitso a lihlahisoa). Ntle le moo, starch ea matsoalloa ea litapole e sebelisoa haholo ho hlahisa li-confectionery - ke sesebelisoa se hlokahalang bakeng sa mahobe, li-muffin le thepa e 'ngoe e besitsoeng (10-15% ea mabitso a lihlahisoa). Hape ho thata ho e etsa ntle le starch ea litapole tlhahiso ea lijo tse kenang lijo (jelly, linoko, linoko, sopho), metsoako ea li-confectionery (litlolo, li-additives, litlatsetso), li-noodle (5-10% ea mabitso a lihlahisoa).
Bahlahisi ba khetha starch ea litapole e theko e phahameng haholo (ha e bapisoa le poone le koro) haholo-holo ka lebaka la viscosity le ponaletso ea eona e ntle.
Hlokomela hape hore bongata ba bankakarolo (85%) ha ba rera ho tsoela pele ho tlohela tšebeliso ea setache sa litapole. Ke batho ba babeli feela ba arabelitsoeng ba bonang monyetla oa ho lahla motsoako ona ha ho ka ba le phetoho tlhahisong ea sehlahisoa, 'me ke a le mong feela ea tla nkela starch ea lehae sebaka ka e fetotsoeng haufinyane (kaha phetoho e na le thepa ea viscosity e betere ka theko e tlase).
Ho khahlisang ke hore hoo e ka bang halofo ea ba arabelitsoeng (bareki ba 15) ba sebelisa setache sa litapole malapeng mosebetsing oa bona. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ke barupeluoa ba 9 feela ba entseng lipatlisiso ba ileng ba khona ho thathamisa mabitso a likhoebo tsa Russia tse sebetsanang le tlhahiso ea starch ea litapole. Tse boletsoeng khafetsa e ne e le semela sa starch sa Pleshcheevsky, Chuvash'enkrakhmal le semela sa starch sa Mglinsky.
Barupeluoa ba 15 le bona ba arabetse tlhahiso ea ho hlalosa lihlahisoa tsa bahlahisi ba malapeng. Ka kakaretso, karabo e kopaneng e ka hlophisoa ka hore: "Motho e mong le e mong o na le boleng bo tšoanang bo botle le theko e tlase."
Mokhoa o ka sehloohong o susumetsang khetho ea lihlahisoa tsa bahlahisi ba itseng ba malapeng ba starch ea litapole, bareki ba bitsitse boleng bo holimo ba boleng / theko. Lipehelo tsa phano le lipehelo tsa tefo li lateloa ka bohlokoa.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho tsoa ho ba arabelitsoeng, ba 34 ka boits'epo ba thathamisitse bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ba kantle ho naha ba starch ea litapole. Boholo ba litšupiso li entsoe ke KMC, Pepees, Roquette, Cargill.
Ha basebelisi ba likhetho ba starch ea litapole tsa kantle ho naha, motho e mong le e mong o ne a re theko le boleng ba sehlahisoa ke lintlha tse ka sehloohong tsa khetho, lipehelo tsa nehelano li maemong a boraro. Hape, ho bareki ba bangata, ho fumaneha ha setifikeiti sa ho lumellana ha thepa ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa.
Mabaka a mantlha a ho thekesela ha mmaraka oa starch oa litapole, barupeluoa ba bangata ba hlahlobileng ba re bofokoli bo akaretsang ba moruo le ho putlama / ho ba sieo khahlano le semelo sena sa kholo ea tlhahiso ea lijo.
Ho nts'etsapele mohopolo ona, ho ka nahanoa hore nakong e mahareng, ha ho se na mathata a tebileng a moruo, mmaraka oa starch oa litapole o tla lula o le boemong bo batlang bo tsitsitse mme, mohlomong, le mekhoa e holimo e tla hlaha ka lebaka la katoloso ea likarolo tsa ts'ebeliso. Litebello tse ka bang teng tsa nts'etsopele, ho latela seo re se bonang, li amana haholo le makala a mabeli a indasteri ea lijo - boroso le lebese. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ea pele e lokela ho ba mokhanni ea ka sehloohong oa tlhoko ka lebaka la bokhoni bo boholo ba mmaraka, mme karolo ea morao e tla itšetleha ka lintlha tse 'maloa: pele ho tsohle, ho tlhokeho ea bareki.
Moruong o sa tsitsang, tlhoko e kanna ea qala ho hlaha, ho etsa mohlala, ho lihlahisoa tsa kerime le tranelate e bolila (ho tlatsa indasteri ea li-confectionery). Mona, starch ea matsoalloa ea litapole e sebelisoa khafetsa e le sebaka se nkang sebaka sa thepa e theko e phahameng ea lebese.
Re totobatsa hore likarolong tsena ka bobeli - tlhahiso ea boroso le lihlahisoa tsa lebese - starch ea matsoalloa ea litapole e sebelisoa ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa sehlahisoa sa ho qetela, e leng mokhoa oa mantlha moruong oa koluoa.
Maemong a mang a moruo, maemo a tlhaho a tla hlaha ka tsela e fapaneng. Mohlala, ho ka etsahala hore starch ea litapole e tla hlokahala haholo tlhahiso ea lijo tse phetseng hantle.