HO TSOA HO LITAPO, JOALOKAHA HEROINE EA FILM EA SOVIET AGELESS E BALA, U KA LOKISA HO FETA LIJO TSA LESHOME TSE FAPANENG. LE LITSELA TSA TS'EBETSO EA EONA TSA LIINDATSHE LE LIHLOOHO TSE LING TSE MANG. KA NAKO E LE TSONA TLHOKOMELISO EA MEFUTA E ILENG EA LIHLAHISO LILEMONG TSE FUMANE E TSOELA PELE HO EKETSEHILENG, MME SEPHEO SA BA BANG SE SA LLA HO LE BOEMO BONA, HO SA THABE BOteng BA TLHOKOMELO.
SEO KATLEHO EA SEHLAHISO Mmarakeng E ITŠEHETSENG KA EONA, KE MATHATA AFE BASEBETSI BA SEBELETSANG KA HO ETSA, LIHLOOHO TSA PALE ENTERPRISES LE BAEMETSI BA MEKHATLO EA INDATSHE, BA KAROLO HO WEBINAR YA POTATO UNION, HO BUILWENG.
TS'OANELO. KHŌLO E HLOKA BOLEMO LINTLHA TSE HLAHANG
Setache sa litapole ke sehlahisoa seo Russia e 'nileng ea e hlahisa ka lilemo tse ngata ka bongata bo fokolang ho feta kamoo e se jang. Ho ea ka Soyuzkrakhmal Association of Deep Grain Processing Enterprises, limela tsa malapeng selemo le selemo li hlahisa lithane tse ka bang likete tse 11 tsa starch ea litapole, ha 'maraka oa lapeng o ka ba lithane tse likete tse 30-32.
Ha a hlalosa boemo ba hona joale ba tataiso, mopresidente oa mokhatlo, Oleg Radin, o re hona joale ho na le likhoebo tse nyenyane tse seng kae feela bakeng sa tlhahiso ea starch ea litapole Russia, ho akarelletsa le: Chuvashienkrakhmal LLC; Mglinsky Starch Plant LLC, Poretsky Starch OJSC, Syryatinsky Starch Plant LLC, SPPK Udacha, Pleshcheevsky Starch Plant JSC, Starch Products JSC (Shablykinsky Starch Plant).
Bothata bo boholo bo sitisang tsoelo-pele ea bona ke ho haella ha motheo oa thepa e tala naheng. Joalokaha Oleg Radin a bolela, likhoebo tsa Russia li qobelloa ho hlahisa starch lihlahisoa tseo lihoai li neng li ke ke tsa li rekisetsa mabenkeleng (ha e le hantle, ho tloha litšila). Ka karolelano, lithane tse leshome tsa litapole tsa tafole li etsoa tonne e le 'ngoe ea starch.
Motsamaisi oa All-Russian Research Institute of Starch and Processing of Starch-Containing Raw Materials, lekala la Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center for Potato e reheletsoeng ka A.I. A.G. Lorch "Vasily Byzov. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho ea ka setsebi, ho na le lilemo tseo likhoebo li nang le khaello ea lihlahisoa tsa boemo bona (mohlala o hlakileng: nako ea 21/22). Ho feta moo, li-processor li na le litšenyehelo tse phahameng haholo bakeng sa ho reka thepa e tala, e amang phaello ea tlhahiso. Theko e tloaelehileng ea polasi ea litapole tsa Russia, ho latela setsebi, e phahame ka 22% ho feta linaheng tsa EU.
"Ts'ebetso ea mahlale a ho lokisa litapole bakeng sa starch e netefatsoa ha o sebelisa li-tubers tse nang le starch bonyane 19% (tabeng ena, ha ho hlokahale lithane tse fetang tse hlano tsa thepa e tala ho hlahisa tone e le 'ngoe ea starch), - o hlalosa Vasily Byzov, - mme setsi sa ho sebetsa se lokela ho ba haufi le setsi sa thepa e tala, ho ea ka lipalo tsa rona, sebakeng sa 50 km. "
Litsebi li lumellana hore hoa hlokahala ho theha tlhahiso ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litapole naheng, le hoja sena se ke ke sa e-ba bonolo. Ho na le litaba tse ngata tse sa rarolloang, e 'ngoe ea tsona ke khaello ea mefuta ea Serussia e nang le litaba tse ngata tsa starch, balemi le balemi ba peo ba ntse ba tlameha ho sebetsa ho rarolla bothata bona.
Ho bohlokoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ho tsosa thahasello ea balemi ba litapole ho holisa lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo holimo bakeng sa ho sebetsa.
Linaheng tsa Europe, ka lebaka la matla a phahameng a mosebetsi oa ho lema le ho boloka li-tubers tsa litapole, ho thehiloe melaoana e latelang ho khothaletsa tlhahiso ea starch ea litapole., - Vasily Byzov o arolelana tlhahisoleseling, - bahlahisi ba litapole (lihoai, likoporasi) ke ba nang le kabelo setsing sa ho lokisa 'me ba na le thahasello ea lichelete thekisong ea sehlahisoa sa ho qetela - starch le lihlahisoa tsa eona; lik'hamphani li hlophisitse litšebeletso tsa agronomic tse fanang ka bahlahisi ka thepa ea peo le likhothaletso bakeng sa temo ea eona. Phaello ea tlhahiso ea starch e finyelloa ka ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho lema litapole tse nang le chai e ngata le litaba tse ngata tsa starch. Ka nako e ts'oanang, tšebeliso ea litapole ka tone e le 'ngoe ea starch e fokotsehile ho lithane tse 1, ka hona, litšenyehelo tse khethehileng tsa matla bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea eona li fokotsehile. "
Naheng ea Russia, ho na le mehlala ha bahlahisi ba temo ba lema mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litapole ka tatellano ea semela sa starch, empa ho fihlela joale re bua ka mefuta e fokolang. Boemo bo ka fetoloa ke ponahalo ea processor e kholo 'marakeng.
«Bonyane khoebo e le 'ngoe e kholo ea sejoale-joale bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tebileng ea litapole Russia e hloka, - ho bolela Oleg Radin, - e tlameha ho sebetsa lithane tse ka bang likete tse 100-120 tsa litapole tsa indasteri, ho fumana setache sa boleng bo holimo, ho nkela thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling sebaka, mohlomong le ho romela lihlahisoa ho ea linaheng tse ling.”
Ho qala khoebo e ncha ho ka boela ha rarolla bothata ba tlhahiso ea starch e fetotsoeng e batloang haholo. Selemo se seng le se seng ho romelloa palo e khōlō ea lijo tse fetotsoeng Russia, e leng chelete e fetang liranta tse limilione tse 100, - o hlalosa Mopresidente oa Mokhatlo "Soyuzkrakhmal", - pejana e ne e le lihlahisoa tsa bahlahisi ba bangata ba Europe, joale 'maraka o se o qalile ho hlophisa bocha ho ea Chaena, Vietnam, Thailand. Russia, liphetoho tsa lijo li hlahisoa ke likhoebo tse peli feela, 'me sena ke lithane tse likete tse 20 feela tsa lithane tse likete tse 94 tse hlokoang ke indasteri ea rona. Ho na le tlhokahalo ea lihlahisoa tsena, empa lihlahisoa tse tala lia hlokahala bakeng sa tlhahiso, 'me tsena ke mefuta ea poone ea boka, eo le rona re se nang eona, kapa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litapole. "
LICHIPISI. LIEKETSENG TŠEPANE
Ka lilemo tse tšeletseng tsa ts'ebetso, moetsi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa li-french tse hatselitsoeng Russia, Vee Fry LLC, o fumane boiphihlelo bo batsi mabapi le tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa ho sebetsa.
Re Fray
Khamphani e sebakeng sa Lipetsk. Matla a tlhahiso - lithane tse likete tse 240 tsa litapole ka selemo. E hlahisa li-fries tsa Fora tse limilione tse 3,5 ka letsatsi.
Selemong se fetileng, lisebelisoa tse tala tsa semela li ile tsa lengoa sebakeng sa lihekthere tse likete tse 7, selemong se secha palo e ile ea eketseha ka lihekthere tse ling tse likete tse 2.
«Re sebetsa le lihoai tlas'a likonteraka tse peli, - o hlalosa mookameli oa nts'etsopele ea khoebo Sergey Marchenko, - pele re rekisetsa lihoai
lihlahisoa tsa peo ea mefuta e khethehileng (85% ea eona ke Innovator), ho ea ka ea bobeli - re reka lijalo tsohle ho bona ka nako e behiloeng ka theko e tsitsitseng. Lihoai li lefella peo ka mor'a kotulo.
Khampani e atlehile ho fihlela katleho e kholo tabeng ea phepelo ea peo. "Qalong ea morero, re ile ra reka lithane tse likete tsa peō ho tsoa mose, - o hopola Sergey Marchenko, selemong sena ba rekile lithane tse 100 feela, ebe joale re bua ka mefuta e mecha ka ho feletseng. Sepheo sa rona - tsebahatsa ka botlalo tse tla re khahla".
Khoebo e boetse e itokiselitse ho sebetsa le mefuta ea Serussia e nang le thepa e hlokahalang. Boemo feela ke ho fana ka sehlopha sa liteko. "Re nka lik'hilograma tse 30, fry, hlahloba sephetho, - o fana ka maikutlo a Motsamaisi oa Ntšetso-pele oa Vee Fry LLC, - haeba u ne u rata ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, litapole ha li joalo
e fetoha e ntšo, re khanna moleng oohle (sena se hloka lithane tse 40 tse seng li ntse li le teng). Re fumana sehlahisoa se setle, re ka tsoela pele ho sebetsa".
Ha a nahana ka tebello ea tlhahiso ea li-fries tsa french tse leqhoa, Sergey Marchenko o hatisa hore ho na le tlhokahalo 'marakeng ea ho eketsa boholo ba tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa. Kahoo, liketane tse ncha tsa lijo tse potlakileng tsa Russia li phatlalalitse ho qalisoa ha lireschorente tse 70-100 ka selemo. Ho arabela, k'hamphani e itokisetsa ho kenya mohala oa bobeli oa tlhahiso. Empa lilemong tse tlang, Russia e boetse e lebelletsoe ho bula likhoebo tse 'maloa tse ncha tsa profil ena hang, e leng se bakang ts'okelo ea tlhahiso e feteletseng.
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Joale li-processor li hloka ho nahana ka li-export. "Litaba tsa thekiso - ke bothata ba naha ka bophara, - Sergey Marchenko o kholisehile, - e le hore bahlahisi ba litapole ba se ke ba utloa bohloko, ho hlokahala hore ho lokisoe esale pele maemo a netefatsang monyetla oa ho tsamaisoa ka katleho mebarakeng ea kantle ho naha. Re lebeletse thuso ea ’muso litabeng tsena.”
LIPAPATSO TSA MATAPANE. HO SEBETSA Mmarakeng MATHATA
Bahlahisi ba litapole tsa litapole le bona ba hokahanya bokamoso ba lekala la bona le nts'etsopele ea bokhoni ba ho rekisa kantle ho naha.
Ho latela Alexandra Ponomarenko, Motsamaisi e Moholo oa Maxim Gorky Plus LLC, 'maraka oa lapeng o ne o fanoe ka botlalo ka mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa morao ka 2019. Lik'hamphani tse sebetsanang le tsona li ile tsa leka ho batla bareki linaheng tse ling, le hoja sena esale ho le thata ho se etsa.
"Maxim Gorky Plus" LLC
Bokhoni bo phahameng ba selemo le selemo ba khoebo hajoale ke lithane tse likete tse 29 tsa sehlahisoa se felileng. E sebetsa ho fihlela ho lithane tse likete tse 200 tsa litapole ka nako. E nka 50% ea 'maraka oa lehae. Bokhoni ba tlhahiso bo lumella ho koahela ho fihla ho 80% ea 'maraka oohle oa lijo-thollo.
«Bareki ba kantle ho naha ba hlokolosi haholo ka lihlahisoa tsa Serussia, 'me re tlameha ho etsa boiteko bo matla ba ho fumana lintlha tse hlokahalang, tumello ea eona, liteko., - Alexander Ponomarenko o arolelana phihlelo ea hae, - ho tloha ha o qala ho sebelisana le moreki ho fihlela setshelo sa pele se laolloa, ho ka nka selemo. ”
Ka 2021, bahlahisi ba li-flakes tsa litapole ba ile ba qobelloa ho fokotsa palo ea thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha, ka lebaka la phokotso e matla ea phepelo ea lihlahisoa tse tala le ho nyoloha ha litheko tsa eona. "Ka nako ea 21/22, litšenyehelo tsa litapole tse rekiloeng li ile tsa feta theko e tloaelehileng ea selemo ka makhetlo a mane, ka khaello e akaretsang le khaello ea tšebeliso e felletseng ea li-processor, - ho bolela molaoli ea ka sehloohong oa Maxim Gorky Plus LLC, - Sena se lebisitse ho nyoloheng ha theko ea li-flakes tsa litapole Russia ho li-ruble tse 180 / kg ntle le VAT mme, ka lebaka leo, ho fokotseha ha tlhoko ea lihlahisoa.".
Mathoasong a 2022, lihlahisoa tsa kantle ho naha li ile tsa tlala 'marakeng oa Russia. "Likhoeling tse tšeletseng tse qalang tsa 2022, lik'hamphani tsa Europe li ile tsa kena tšimong
Russia bonyane lithane tse likete tse 5 tsa li-flakes tsa litapole (tse phahameng ho feta palo e tloaelehileng ea selemo le selemo)- ho tsoela pele Alexandra Ponomarenko, - theko e tloaelehileng bakeng sa sehlahisoa se tsoang linaheng tse ling e ne e ka ba li-ruble tse 115 / kg ntle le VAT. Ho fokotseha ho joalo ho ile ha boela ha angoa ke ho feto-fetoha ha chelete (ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 87 ho isa ho li-ruble tse 62 ka 1 euro nakong e ntseng e hlahlojoa). Ka nako e ts'oanang, theko ea lijo-thollo tsa malapeng e fihlile ho li-ruble tse 200 / kg, 'me bahlahisi ba malapeng ba ile ba ba le mathata a maholo ha ba rekisa lihlahisoa tsa bona.".
Liphello tsa sehla seo li utluoa ke bahlahisi selemo hamorao. Ho ea ka sebui, k'hamphani ha e e-s'o khone ho khutlela ho matla a molumo
ho sebelisoa ka har'a naha, 'me lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka thepa e theko e boima li sala li le matlong a polokelo. Khampani e phehella leano le sebetsang la ho kenya sebaka sa thepa, ho leka ho leka-lekanya pakeng tsa ho boloka theko e amohelehang le lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng.
"Kajeno, libapali tse ncha li ntse li tsoela pele ho kena 'marakeng, hobane bothata ba ho tsosolosa bo bohlokoa haholo, - o akaretsa Alexandra Ponomarenko, - empa khopolo ea hore litapole li ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa lijo-thollo, e leng masoabi ho lahla, e se e siiloe ke nako. Ena ke khoebo e rarahaneng, re na le mathata ka thekiso ea lihlahisoa, re batla litsela tsa ho laola thepa le thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling, empa ho fihlela joale re tlameha ho sebetsana le mathata ka borona.".
LIPAPA TSE HLAHANG (CHIPS). HLAHANG TŠEBELE
Motsamaisi Kakaretso oa Ozery JSC Sergei Pryamov o ile a qala puo ea hae ka 'nete e thahasellisang: selemo le selemo likhoebo tsa sebaka sa Moscow li sebetsa lithane tse likete tse 471 tsa thepa e tala hore e be litapole tse pholileng. Har'a palo ena kaofela, ke lithane tse likete tse 25 feela tse hōlileng sebakeng seo (5,3% ea tlhokahalo!), Tse ling kaofela li kenngoa ka ntle ho naha. Mohlomong, ho lihoai tse ling tsa sebaka sa Moscow, sena e tla ba lebaka la ho thuisa.
JSC "Ozyory"
Moetsi e moholo oa litapole le meroho sebakeng sa Moscow. E na le mola bakeng sa tlhahiso ea litapole tse crispy, e hlahisa lihlahisoa tlas'a
mong TM "Barin".
Ha a fana ka pono ea hae ea mekhoa ea nts'etsopele ea lefapha la ho lokisa litapole, Sergey Pryamov o hlokometse hore haufinyane lik'hamphani tse ngata tse kholo tsa ho lokisa li tla lahleheloa ke likhoebo tse nyane.
"Re lebelletse hore indasteri ea litapole e pholileng e tla hola ka ho phatlalatsoa ha mahlale a macha, - Sergey Pryamov oa hlalosa, - Hona joale ho na le mefuta e mengata ea li-vacuum fryer tsa Machaena le tsa Turkey 'marakeng, 'me khoebo e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ea litapole e ka reka mohala o monyane le ho hlahisa litlolo tsa lehae ntle le ho tloha tšimong. ”
Ho ea ka setsebi, ts'ebetso ea vacuum e fana ka monyetla oa ho fokotsa mocheso le nako ea ho halika, ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea oli, ho atolosa mefuta e mengata (ka tatso), ke hore, e u lumella ho fumana sehlahisoa sa boleng bo phahameng se nang le phaello e ntle. .