Litapole li na le mefuta e mengata ea likokoana-hloko tse bakang mafu a mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea etiologies ho eona. Libakeng tsa ho lema litapole tsa khoebo, mafu a atileng joalo ka rhizoctoniosis, ho bola ha fusarium, phomosis, blight ea morao-rao le alternariosis li baka kotsi e kholo.
Litapole rhizoctoniosis mafu a mangata a ka holimo ke a kotsi ka ho fetisisa. Kahoo, ho etsa mohlala, phomosis le fusarium e omileng e bola selemo le selemo e nka karolelano ea 15-20% ea lijalo, ha ho tloha lekhopho le letsho lihlahisoa tsa lijalo li fokotseha ka 45-50%. Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (Thanatephorus cucumeria (Franc) Donk) ke kokoana-hloko ea mobu e atileng libakeng tse fapaneng tsa tikoloho. Fungus e khona ho baka tšenyo mefuteng e 230 ea limela tse lenngoeng le mofoka.
Ha limela tsa litapole li angoa ke rhizoctoniosis kapa lekhopho le letšo, liso tse omeletseng tse sootho li hlaha karolong e ka tlas'a lefatše ea kutu, hangata li lla 'me li lebisa ho senyeha ha lehlomela, constriction le lefu la letlobo. Ho ba mosehla, ho sosobana le ho kobeha ha makhasi (ho qala ho tloha holimo) ho ka boela ha hlokomeloa. Ho tloha qalong ea tuberization, li-stolons le metso lia senyeha 'me lia oa: li fetoha sootho, sclerotia ea fungus e ka theha holim'a tsona. Ka lebaka leo, ho fokotseha ha limela le ho hlaseloa ha lipeo ho hlokomeloa, chai ea lijalo e fokotsehile haholo. Ho phaella moo, sebopeho sa li-sessile le li-tubers tsa moea li hlokomeloa; 'me ka mongobo o phahameng mobung oa moea botlaaseng ba lithupa le ho pota-potile, ho na le lesela le litšila le lesoeu la sporulation ea "leoto le lesoeu" la "fungus" le hlahang mobung, e leng se bontšang ts'ebetso e matla ea pathological lithong tse ka tlas'a lefatše nakong ea nako ea ho hola ea limela. Ho li-tubers, lefu lena le ka iponahatsa e le sclerotia (makhopho a sootho a lefifi), net necrosis, matheba a tebileng, bokhopo le mapetsong.
Fungus e ka ba teng ka mefuta e mengata ea mocheso (3-27 ° C) le mongobo oa mobu, lefu lena le kotsi ka ho khetheha mocheso o tlaase le mongobo o phahameng oa mobu le mocheso o phahameng le mongobo o tlaase oa mobu. Mongobo o ntseng o eketseha oa tikoloho o eketsa matla a tšenyo ea rhizoctoniosis. Ntho ea mongobo e sebetsa feela hammoho le mocheso. Mocheso o tlaase o liehisa ho hōla ha lijalo, 'me limela tsa litapole tse etiolated li lula mobung nako e telele, li bokella palo e kholo ea tsoekere e bonolo e qhibilihang metsing e fumanehang habonolo ho fungus,' me e angoa ke lefu lena haholoanyane. Ka hona, li-tubers tse tšoaelitsoeng ke rhizoctoniosis tlas'a maemo a mabone a tlhaho ho +20 C li bontša matšoao a pele a tšenyo ea limela ka mor'a matsatsi a 7-8, ka mabone a eketsehileng - ka mor'a libeke tse 4. Ho ba le ts'oaetso e eketsehileng ea limela tsa litapole ho R. solani e boetse e thehiloe ka khaello ea potasiamo mobung (potasiamo e fokotsa palo ea limela tse kulang ho tloha ho 66 ho ea ho 10-15%).
Lethathamo la mehloli e sebelisitsoeng:
- Sneh B. Khethollo ea mefuta ea Rhizoctonia / B. Sneh, L. Burpee, A. Ogoshi // St. Paul, MN, USA: APS Press, 1991. - 133 p. 27.
- Sneh B. Rhizoctonia mefuta: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology, and Control / B. Sneh, S. Jabaji-Hare, S. Neate, G. Dijst // Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. - 578 leq.