Qetellong ea December, makasine ea "Potato System" e hlophisitse webinar e nehetsoeng ho mefuta ea litapole e ts'episang ea sejoale-joale. Webinar e ne e le teng ke baemeli ba lik'hamphani tse tsebahalang tsa ho ikatisa le peo tse sebetsang 'marakeng oa Russia. Khamphani e ngoe le e ngoe e ile ea bolella bamameli ka melemo le likarolo tsa mefuta e 'meli lenaneng la tsona.
Re nkile qeto ea ho boloka tlhahisoleseling ena ea bohlokoa ho babali ba rona ka ho e phatlalatsa sebakeng sa marang-rang e le letoto la lingoloa.
Lisebelisoa tsa hoqetela potolohong ena li nehetsoe mefuteng e ntseng e hola kapele KOROLEVA ANNA le khetho ea LABELLA SOLARIUM... Sebui: Natalia Morozova, Hlooho ea Lefapha la Litapole, Jeremane Alliance Alliance.
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Selekane sa Jeremane sa Peo ke khoebo e kopanetsoeng ea lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa ho hlahisa peo Jeremane.
Ho tloha ka 2011, Selekane sa Peo ea Jeremane se ntse se emela lithahasello tsa e mong oa bathehi ba sona Russia - khamphani ea Solana, e fanang ka thepa ea peo e tsoang kantle ho naha ho tsoa Jeremane le Netherlands (mefuta e 25 ea khetho ea Solana e kentsoe ho Rejista ea Naha ea Katleho ea Katleho ea Russian Federation), hape le ho rekisa litapole tse hlahisitsoeng. tlasa laesense ea Solana ho lithuso le likhamphani tsa balekane Russia.
Selemo se seng le se seng k'hamphani e rera palo e kholo ea liteko tsa ponts'o naheng eohle ea rona (ka 2020, libaka tse fetang 200 li ile tsa beoa libakeng tse 30 bakeng sa litapole feela). Mosebetsi o joalo o lumella motho hore a kholisehe ka mefuta e fapaneng ea bokhoni, boits'oaro ba mefuta e fapaneng mobu o fapaneng, maemo a leholimo le maemo a agronomic.
Mefuta ea mefuta-futa e pharalletse haholo, balemi ba litapole ba Russia ba tseba hantle mefuta e joalo ka BELMONDA, LILLI, RED LADY, RODRIGA, KOROLEVA ANNA, LYUDMILA (bakeng sa ho etsoa ka li-fries tsa Fora), VERDI le OPAL (tlhahiso ea li-chips).
Kajeno re tla bua ka ho qaqileng ka mefuta e 'meli e tsebahalang ea ts'ebeliso ea tafole.
MOHOSI ANNA
Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea sehlopha sa pele sa ho butsoa, nako ea limela: matsatsi a 70-80 ho tloha ha e hlaha. Ho ngodiso ea Naha ho tloha 2015.
Mefuta e fapaneng e na le lebitso le ratang maemo 'me e e lokafatsa ka botlalo. E hlahella ponahalo ea eona ea boleng bo holimo, e loketse ho hlatsoa, ho hloekisa le ho paka. Mmala oa letlalo o mosehla, mahlo ha a bonahale feela. Li-tubers li bolelele, 'me li tšoana ka bongata. 'Mala oa makhasi o mosehla.
E khetholloa ka tatso e ntle haholo. Litapole tsa starch 13-15%.
Mofuta o fapaneng ke li-tuber tse ngata (ho fihlela likhomphutha tse 20. Per bush), e hlahisang lihlahisoa tse ngata (chai 50-65 t / ha). Ho rekisoa: 82-96%. Boima ba tuber e rekisoang ka karolelano e tsoa ho 84 ho isa ho 140 g.
E loketse polokelo ea nako e telele, boleng bo botle ba ho boloka - e ka bang 93%.
Likarolo tsa mahlale a temo:
Mefuta-futa ha e hloke peo pele e mela; ho tshoha ha mocheso ho lekane.
E bontša litholoana tse ntle mobung o bobebe kapa o mahareng.
Ha bobebe mobu, e kholo sebaka se pakeng tsa tubers. Botebo ba ho jala bo khothalletsoang ke botebo ba cm cm 2-3 ho feta tloaelo, bophahamo ba bolelele ba 18-20 cm ho tloha holimo.
Sebakeng sa Lebatooa la Lefatše le Letšo, tšireletso khahlanong le rhizoctonia e lokela ho etsoa.
Ha ho khothaletsoe ho fepa litapole tsa mofuta oa KOROLEVA ANNA le naetrojene; lethal dose la manyolo a naetrojene le lokela ho fokotsoa ka 20% ea tloaelo.
Tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefuoa nakong ea ho qala kotulo: libeke tse peli ke nako e nyane pele ho ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso kamora ho ts'oaroa, joale ho a hlokahala ho etsa liteko tsa ho cheka ho etsa bonnete ba hore lekhapetla le thehiloe ka botlalo le ho matlafatsoa. Hape ha ho kgothaletswe ho hloekisa maemong a phahameng, mocheso.
Mofuta ona o lumelletsoe ho lengoa libakeng tsa North-West, Central, Volgo-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, North Caucasian, Central Volga, West le East Siberia. Ho tloha 2021, e etselitsoe sebaka sa Ural.
Sehlopha sa bobeli tlhahlobisong ea kajeno - LABELLA... Ke ea mokhahlelo oa nako e bohareng ea nako ea ho hola: matsatsi a 75-85 ho tloha ha o hlaha.
E na le chebahalo ea pele ka lebaka la 'mala oa eona o mofubelu o tebileng. Mahlo a kaholimo, nama e mosehla. E tsebahala ka tatso ea eona e ntle haholo, dikahare tsa starch ke 15-18%. E loketse ho hlatsoa le ho paka.
Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e fana haholo (lipontšo tse mahareng: ho tloha ho 46 ho isa ho 60 t / ha). Ho beha li-tuber: ho tloha 14 ho isa ho 18. Ho rekisoa: 91-92%. Boima ba tuber bo ka rekisoang: ho tloha ho 78 ho isa ho 102 g.
E iponahatsa e le bokhabane polokelong ea nako e telele, ho boloka boleng ke 98%.
Likarolo tsa mahlale a temo:
Mofuta ona o loketse ho hola hoo e batlang e le mefuta eohle ea mobu, ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa lekhaba le sebaka se lefifi, leha ho le joalo, mobung o bobebe nakong ea komello, ho nosetsa ka nako e nepahetseng hoa hlokahala ho eketsa chai.
Karolo e ikhethang ea li-tubers ke letlalo le habeli (ke hore, letlalo le letlalo le tlase). Ka lebaka la sena, mefuta-futa e khetholloa ka ho se utloisisehe haholo tšenyo ea mochini, leha ho ntse ho le molemo ho e kotula ka mokhoa o bonolo.
Ho fumana kotulo ea pejana, peo ea mofuta ona e tlameha ho mela.
LABELLA ha e tsotelle metribuzin nakong ea kalafo ea kamora ho hlaha.
Boteng ba lera la boka ba linotsi bo bohlokoa haholo, ho hlokahala litlhare tse tharo ho isa ho tse 'ne tse bolaeang likokonyana.
Bakeng sa tlhahiso ea peo, ho hlokahala hore o qale ho apara ha lipeo tse 30% li hlaha, ebe o pheta matsatsi a mang le a mang a 7.
Ka ts'okelo ea ts'oaetso ea hoaba, ts'ebeliso ea meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana e bontšoa.
Ho khothalletsoa kalafo e nakong khahlanong le Alternaria. Mefuta e fapaneng e na le karolelano ea ho hanela blight ea morao (lintlha tse 5 ho tse 9), ka hona o hloka ho ela hloko kalafo khahlanong le blight ea morao.
Bakeng sa ho lemoha ka botlalo bokhoni ba mefuta e fapaneng, litsebi li eletsa ho tiisa limela (ha li lengoa molemong oa tafole) le ho sebetsa ka hloko haholo le naetrojene. Karolelano ea litekanyetso tse sebelisitsoeng tsa naetrojene le potasiamo (1: 2) e bohlokoa haholo. U se ke ua e fetelletsa ka naetrojene ho qoba litlamorao tsa ho petsoha le ponahalo ea ho se hlomphehe.
Mofuta ona o ngolisitsoe ka molao libakeng tsa Central, North Caucasian, Middle Volga le Ural.